Nuclear fusion is the energy source of the Sun and all other stars. Time is coming when nuclear fusion will produce electricity. A five-part series Mastery of sun describes the state of the art of developing a fusion power plant. The fourth article deals with the nuclear components load and design of the power reactor blanket. Thermonuclear plasma is highly stochastic system characterized by a series of confinement failures. The most serious plasma disturbances include the edge localized mode instabilities ELM, vertical displacement events, disruptions and runaway electrons. The following plasma-wall interaction puts high demands on plasma facing materials of the first wall and divertor. The important component of the fusion power reactor also is the reactor blanket, ensuring the removal of energy from the reactor and the production of tritium. There are many design proposals of the blanket, some variants of them will be tested in ITER.

Nuclear fusion is the energy source of the Sun and all other stars. Time is coming when nuclear fusion will produce electricity. A five-part series Mastery of sun describes the state of the art of developing a fusion power plant. The third article focuses on reactor technologies. The main fusion reactor components are the magnetic and vacuum systems. Important support systems include a cryogenic system, plasma heating and current drive system, diagnostic and control systems and nuclear components. The nuclear components are a first wall, divertor, and blanket. Plasma facing components, the first wall, and divertor, are the most loaded parts of the fusion reactor.

Combined power control of central heating includes two components. The condition of successful solutions and the correct operation of dynamic systems is to understand their meaning. The article presents a normally inaccessible information and comprehensive look at this issue from the base of TTV (think-tank heating).

Nuclear fusion is the energy source of the Sun and all other stars. Time is coming when nuclear fusion will produce electricity. A five-part series Mastery of sun describes the state of the art of developing a fusion power plant. The second article deals with the basic physics of fusion reactors. Fusion power is a completely new technology, significantly different from other energy sources including nuclear power. For energy use of nuclear fusion, Lawson criteria describing the plasma energy balance and power must be met. A fusion reactor is characterized by some of the specific geometric and physical characteristics that are important for the fusion power reactor.

Renewable energy has many pros and therefore it is desirable by state goverments and th e EU as well. However achiewing of renewable energy aims proceeds at local level. Wrong application can have unwelcome and long-term impacts which many local representatives know very vell.

Nuclear fusion is the energy source of the Sun and all other stars. Time is coming when nuclear fusion will produce electricity. A five-part series Mastery of sun describes the state of the art of developing a fusion power plant. The first article deals with the history of this development. Research on controlled nuclear fusion started after World War II and currently designing the first fusion power plant is ongoing. A global project of the experimental fusion reactor ITER will be followed by the demonstration fusion power plant DEMO. The European Union, the world leader in fusion research, plans to deploy DEMO to 2050.

At the TZB-info appeared article "Smart grid is like yetti, nobody has ever seen him, however we can use the CRC" (collective remote control). There is czech pride on CRC present in the headline as well as scorn towards smart platforms in the energetics. Is the problem really black and white? Can CRC offer the same as smart metering? Are the Czechs ahead of time?

The paper aims to discuss the issue of energy modelling and to introduce energy model TIMES-CZ as a new model from the TIMES model family. Internet application allowing individual analysis of impacts of prices changes and policy regulation on Czech energy system untill 2050.

Article features basic relations for determination of heat loss at warmwatter tube with thermal isolation from differences of flue watter temperature and ambient air temperature at planar and cylindric form. Calculation coming-out from coefficient of heat transmission according to coefficient of thermal conductivity and coefficents of heat transfer.

Extraction and combustion of coal have changed the world and the climate of our planet within last two hundred years, but both are declining. This fact alongside with many others belongs to key messages of a new, representative publication, the Coal Atlas. Coal has started the industrial revolution and at the same time caused environmental and social destruction of large areas. At present, coal significantly contributes to climate change by being responsible for 43 % of global carbon dioxide emissions and more than one third of all greenhouse gas emissions respectively. Progressive countries are therefore leaving coal behind. What is more, consumption of coal has recently stagnated also in China, so far the biggest consumer. While the coal business seems to be inevitably coming to the end, some investors still hope for a profit. Why some buy something that the others consider as “stranded assets”?

In December 2015, the scoping stage of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process on the Updated Concept of Radioactive Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel Management began in the Czech Republic. The policy has processed only one option - a geological disposal facility in the Czech Republic. Second part of this article will look into the situation with radioactive waste management in the world.

In December 2015, the scoping stage of the Strategic Environmental Assessment (SEA) process on the Updated Concept of Radioactive Waste and Spent Nuclear Fuel Management began in the Czech Republic. The policy has processed only one option - a geological disposal facility in the Czech Republic. The first part of this article will look into the situation with radioactive waste management in the country.

This article deals with assessment of health and environmental impacts from potential continuation of brown coal mining in the North Bohemian Coal Basin. Four defined mining variants, which are related to a possible modification of the regional ecological limits in the opencast mines Bílina and Československé armády have been reviewed. The impacts are quantified in monetary terms – external costs – using the damage cost approach that reflects site-specific conditions of the assessment and enables us to structure the external costs estimates by the type of the impact on health, agricultural production and biodiversity. In the case of mining process, health effects due to dust emissions and noise pollution on the surrounding population were evaluated. The external cost assessment of extracted coal usage in the defined mining variants for energy purposes consisted mainly in quantification of the health impacts due to primary and secondary pollutants.

The article refers to the new European subsidies for the replacement of boilers in the Czech republic. The author responds to the statement of the Minister of the Enviroment Richard Brabec who said, that the much debated permision to subsidize boilers, which were not verified by an independent authorized person, was necessary because of the requirements of the European legislation.

The article descrtibes selected Solar District Heating implementation business models. Prezented cases are based on actual projects running across Europe.